Chronic heart failure: the obvious does not always mean that it is known

The heart cannot pump blood that it does not receive

Wouter Wieling*, Frederik J. de Lange and David L. Jardine 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 2 Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 3 Department of General Medicine, Christchurch Hospital, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand *Correspondence: w.wielin...

Emerging infectious diseases are not always obvious.

142 www.thelancet.com/infection Vol 9 March 2009 of patients—is supported by the observed increase in ODs seen in most of the samples that retested positive. Carry over of material from samples with high levels of toxin may also have contributed. Whatever the explanation for the above results (and in those cited in the Review), it is clear that more work is required before recommendations are m...

Assessment of heart failure--not always easy.

Patients with dyspnoea often present a chaldisease is difficult to determine when there unusual, but in the present case the finding lenge to clinicians, even when causes other than heart failure have been excluded. The diagnosis of heart failure (1) has traditionally been made in the light of history of present illness, clinical findings of oedema, pulmonary congestion, distended neck veins an...

What Does it Mean to Say that Economics is Performative?

"L'homo oeconomicus n'est pas derrière nous, il est devant nous ; comme l'homme de la morale et du devoir ; comme l'homme de la science et de la raison. L'homme a été très longtemps autre chose ; et il n'y a pas bien longtemps qu'il est une machine, compliquée d'une machine à calculer" 1 (Mauss 1960, p.272) "Economists have long recognized the importance of technological innovation for economic...

All that glitters is not gold: elevated liver enzymes do not mean liver disease always.